There are a number of materials that you may need to provide an investor during the course of the fundraising process.  Three of these documents, however, are ones that nearly every investor will want to see as they each play a critical role in the process of engaging the investor.

Executive Summary
The executive summary provides a very concise overview of your company only including enough information to get the meeting.  This document will not like be used again in the process with a particular investor once they are engaged.


PowerPoint Presentation
The PowerPoint Presentation is a document you will use in numerous meetings with a given venture capital firm to describe your business in enough depth to get the investor interested in learning more.  This document alone will not likely provide the investor with enough information to get them to decide to invest, but it should provide them with enough of an overview of the key facets of your business to motivate them to want to dive deeper. 

Note that some folks elect to use their presentation as an executive summary as well.  In my opinion, it's better to have a separate word document to use to get the first meeting.

Financial Model
After you have piqued the interest of the venture capitalist they will request a variety of diligence materials.  One universal diligence item that will be included in that list is your financial model, an excel document that quantitatively illustrates how you anticipate the business evolving.  This model should provide investors with more than your financial projections, it should also illustrate how your operations evolve (e.g., when you hire people and when you spend money on marketing) enabling investors to understand the mechanics of the business.  In sum, this document will explain 'how' you plan to build the company.